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<p><strong>ECMAScript</strong>是形成<a href="../../../../zh-CN/JavaScript" rel="internal">JavaScript</a>语言基础的脚本语言。ECMAScript是由<a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/" rel="noopener" title="http://www.ecma-international.org/">Ecma国际</a><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="zh-CN"><span>标准组织以</span></span><strong>ECMA-262和ECMA-402规范</strong>的形式进行标准化的。下面的ECMAScript标准已经通过批准：</p>
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<tr>
<th>规范名称</th>
<th>文档链接</th>
<th>颁布日期</th>
<th>描述</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">最新版本</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-262 Edition 6</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-262.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a>, <a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/index.html" rel="noopener">HTML</a></td>
<td>2015年6月</td>
<td>ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition)，最新发布的规范文档。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-402 2.0</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-402/2.0/ECMA-402.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>2015年6月</td>
<td>ECMAScript国际化API 2.0。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="4">过时/历史版本</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-262</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262,%201st%20edition,%20June%201997.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>1997年6月</td>
<td>最初的ECMAScript标准。</td>
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<tr>
<td>ECMA-262 Edition 2</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262,%202nd%20edition,%20August%201998.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>1998年8月</td>
<td>ECMAScript第二版规范；同时也是ISO 16262标准。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-262 Edition 3</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262,%203rd%20edition,%20December%201999.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>1999年12月</td>
<td>ECMAScript第三版规范；对应于JavaScript 1.5.<br/>
    也请查看<a class="external" href="http://www.mozilla.org/js/language/E262-3-errata.html" rel="noopener">errata</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-262 Edition 5</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262%205th%20edition%20December%202009.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>2009年12月</td>
<td>ECMAScript 5<br/>
    也请查看<a class="external" href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=es3.1:es3.1_proposal_working_draft" rel="noopener">ES5 errata</a>和<a class="new" href="/zh-CN/docs/JavaScript/ECMAScript_5_support_in_Mozilla" rel="nofollow" title="JavaScript/ECMAScript 5 support in Mozilla">Mozilla对ECMAScript 5的支持 </a></td>
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<td>ECMA-357</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-WITHDRAWN/ECMA-357,%201st%20edition,%20June%202004.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>2004年6月</td>
<td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/E4X" title="E4X">ECMAScript for XML (E4X)</a>.<br/>
    也请查看<a class="external link-https" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/attachment.cgi?id=169406" rel="noopener">E4X errata</a>.</td>
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<tr>
<td>ECMA-357 Edition 2</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-357.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a></td>
<td>2005年12月</td>
<td><a href="/zh-CN/docs/E4X" title="E4X">ECMAScript for XML (E4X)</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ECMA-262 Edition 5.1</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/Ecma-262.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a>, <a class="external" href="http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/" rel="noopener">HTML</a></td>
<td>2011年6月</td>
<td>This version is fully aligned with 3<sup>rd</sup> edition of the international standard <a class="external" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=55755" rel="noopener">ISO/IEC 16262:2011</a>.<br/>
    It includes ES5 errata fixes, no new features.</td>
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<td>ECMA-402 1.0</td>
<td><a class="external" href="http://ecma-international.org/ecma-402/1.0/ECMA-402.pdf" rel="noopener">PDF</a>, <a class="external" href="http://ecma-international.org/ecma-402/1.0/index.html" rel="noopener">HTML</a></td>
<td>2012年12月</td>
<td>ECMAScript国际化API 1.0。</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>查看<a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScript" rel="noopener" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMAScript">wikipedia ECMAScript entry</a> 了解更多关于ECMAScript历史的信息。</p>
<p>你也可以通过<a class="external" href="http://www.ecmascript.org/community.php" rel="noopener" title="http://www.ecmascript.org/community.php">ecmascript.org</a>的公共wiki和<a class="external link-https" href="https://mail.mozilla.org/listinfo/es-discuss" rel="noopener" title="https://mail.mozilla.org/listinfo/es-discuss">es-discuss邮件列表</a>参与或查看最新版本的规范制定工作，版本代号为"Harmony"。</p>
<h2 id="实现引擎">实现引擎</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="/zh-CN/SpiderMonkey" title="zh-CN/SpiderMonkey">SpiderMonkey</a> - Firefox中使用的JavaScript引擎；</li>
<li><a href="/zh-CN/Rhino" title="zh-CN/Rhino">Rhino</a> - mozilla的用Java实现的JavaScript引擎；</li>
<li><a href="/zh-CN/Tamarin" title="zh-CN/Tamarin">Tamarin</a> - ActionScript虚拟机（使用在Adobe Flash Player中）；</li>
<li><a class="external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ECMAScript_engines" rel="noopener" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ECMAScript_engines">其他的实现版本</a>（维基百科）。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="相关链接">相关链接</h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="external" href="http://brendaneich.com/" rel="noopener" title="http://brendaneich.com/">Brendan Eich的博客</a>. Brendan是JavaScript之父,他实现了SpiderMonkey JS引擎.<span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="zh-CN"><span>目前仍参与</span><span>ECMA</span><span>工作</span><span>组的工作,以</span><span>改进这门</span><span>语言</span><span>。</span></span></li>
<li><a class="external" href="http://dmitrysoshnikov.com/" rel="noopener" title="http://dmitrysoshnikov.com/">Dmitry Soshnikov's analysis of ECMA-262 Edition 3 and 5</a></li>
</ul>
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